Try now to see where these points of view have come from. many individuals trapped in poverty achieve a great nobility of spirit.black ghetto culture is resourceful, informal and has a sense of humour.cooperation among neighbours often exists in slums and shantytowns.high-rise public housing destroys the sense of community.a cultural practice that is associated with low-income levels is not necessarily inferior.(Marvin Harris, Culture, people, nature: An introduction to general anthropology, Harper & Row, 1975) Oscar Lewis's (1961, 1966) remarkable documentaries of ghetto life, as told in the tape-recorded words of the people themselves, show that many individuals who are trapped in poverty nonetheless achieve a great nobility of spirit. Betty and Charles Valentine (1970) stress the resourcefulness, sense of humor, and informality of black ghetto culture. Helen Icken Safa (1967) has shown, for example, that high-rise public housing destroys the sense of community and patterns of neighborly cooperation that frequently exist in established slums and shantytowns. It is important not to assume that merely because a practice is associated with low-income levels that it is necessarily inferior. Read extract 1 and try to identify the different points of view contained in it. It is therefore useful to be able to recognise the different voices in a text and learn how to make yours clear. Of course, you need to know and reproduce the information, but you also need to use the information to give an answer to the question, to give YOUR answer to the question. This is particularly important in assessment when you have to answer a question. Your position may be based on other people's research (eg, Smith & Jones), but the conclusion you have come to is your own.Īs a student, it is not enough to simply describe a situation or recall the facts, you need to take a stance or position yourself in relation to the situation or the facts. This is often called your "voice" or your "position" or your "claim". In academic writing, it is often necessary to make it clear to your reader what opinion you hold or what your position is with regard to a certain issue. Writing: Working with different voices Introduction Rhetorical Functions in Academic Writing: Identiying voice
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